Glycocholic Acid

Synonyms: Glycocholic acid, 3α,7α,12α-Trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oylglycine, Cholylglycine, Glycine cholate, N-Choloylglycine

Glycocholic acid is a primary bile acid that is conjugated with glycine, representing one of the major bile salts in human bile. It is synthesized in the liver from cholic acid and glycine, and plays a critical role in the emulsification and absorption of dietary fats and fat-soluble vitamins in the small intestine. Beyond its physiological functions, glycocholic acid is a valuable compound in pharmaceutical and biochemical research, particularly in studies of bile acid metabolism, liver function, and drug delivery systems.

Chemically, glycocholic acid belongs to the class of steroid acids, featuring a cholane skeleton with three hydroxyl groups at positions 3, 7, and 12, and a side chain conjugated to glycine via an amide bond. This conjugation increases its water solubility compared to unconjugated bile acids, which is essential for its biological activity. The presence of the glycine moiety also allows for specific interactions with bile acid transporters and receptors, making it a key molecule in enterohepatic circulation.

In the pharmaceutical industry, glycocholic acid is used as a reference standard for analytical methods, as an intermediate in the synthesis of other bile acid derivatives, and as a component in drug formulations to enhance the solubility and permeability of poorly absorbable drugs. Its high purity and well-defined properties make it a preferred choice for researchers and manufacturers aiming for consistent and reliable results.

Function

• Fat emulsification: Facilitates the digestion and absorption of lipids by forming micelles in the intestine.
• Cholesterol homeostasis: Helps regulate cholesterol levels by promoting its excretion and conversion into bile acids.
• Drug absorption enhancement: Acts as a permeation enhancer for poorly soluble drugs in oral formulations.
• Liver function marker: Used as a biomarker for liver disorders and bile acid malabsorption.
• Cell signaling: Modulates gene expression through activation of nuclear receptors such as FXR and TGR5.

Source & Standardization

• Source: Synthesized from cholic acid and glycine, or isolated from animal bile (e.g., bovine or porcine).
• Extraction: Chemical conjugation followed by purification through crystallization and chromatography.
• Standardization: ≥98.0% purity (HPLC).
• Forms: White to off-white crystalline powder.
• Applications: Pharmaceutical research, drug delivery, analytical standards, biochemical assays.

Specifications

Documentation & Supply

• Monthly capacity: 5 metric tons
• Lead time: 3-5 business days (stock items)
• Documentation: COA, MSDS, TDS available upon request
• Packaging: 25 kg fiber drum with double polyethylene liners, or as per customer requirements

Request For Quote

• LyvBio Co., Ltd. — Email: info@lyvbio.com